Developing Carrier-Phase Differential Global Positioning System Networks with Partial Derivative Algorithms
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Centimeter-to-decimeter-level positioning accuracy from the global positioning system (GPS) requires the use of carrier-phase measurements. The system is generally operated in a double differential mode in which a nearby reference station is used to calibrate for errors in the satellite differential measurements. For large-scale applications, a network of multiple differential reference stations is necessary. This paper describes the major errors affecting differential GPS (DGPS) applications, how a network of reference stations can be used to estimate these errors, and one method of implementing carrier-phase network differential GPS (CP-NDGPS) using partial derivative algorithms (PDAs). PDAs can be implemented by a network service provider and are used to estimate spatial and nonspatial signal errors that cannot be measured by a single GPS reference station. For networks having numerous reference stations, a PDA is an efficient method of transmitting information though a data link to the network users. Such a system is also capable of reducing DGPS errors. Of the networks studied during this project, DGPS errors were reduced 30 to 90%.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it