Phosphorus-Containing Block Copolymer Templates Can Control the Size and Shape of Gold Nanostructures
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Amphiphilic block copolymers containing phosphine moieties in the main chain are employed as macromolecular ligands for gold(I). The sequential living anionic copolymerization of isoprene (I) and the phosphaalkene, MesP CPh2 (Mes = 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) affords the block copolymer [PI]404-b-[MesP-CPh2]32 (1a). The incorporation of gold(I) moieties into this functional copolymer is accomplished by treating 1 with THT.AuCl (THT = tetrahydrothiophene) which affords [PI]404-b-[MesP(AuCl)-CPh2]32 (2a). Remarkably, dissolution of gold-functionalized 2 in n-heptane, a block-selective solvent for isoprene, affords spherical micelles with gold(I)-rich cores. Micelles were examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). We also prepared two additional copolymers with longer phosphine blocks and shorter PI segments: [PI]222-b-[MesP(AuCl)-CPh2]77 (2b) and [PI]164-b-[MesP(AuCl)-CPh2]85 (2c). When assembled in isoprene-selective solvents, 2b forms wormlike structures and 2c, with the longest phosphine block, forms fascinating micron sized intertwined wormlike structures. This represents a new method to control the shape and size of gold(I) nanostructures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".