The quenched state with dominant shear vibration mode originated from domain reconfiguration in [001]-oriented Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 single crystals
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present results of investigations into a low-frequency vibration mode (LVM) in [001] poled Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 crystal. Through a series of impedance measurement and polarization microscopy observations of domain structure, we find that the LVM is a shear mode arising from a polarization component lying in the (001) plane. Through quenching, a metastable state can be reached where the LVM is greatly enhanced and the thickness vibration mode of the typical poled state is highly suppressed. Measurements on the transverse vibration modes of differently oriented crystal samples show that the LVM state possesses a macroscopic orthorhombic symmetry (mm2) with its polarization vector along the [110] direction. The structural differences between the LVM-enhanced state and the usual poled state are discussed in detail. The two states have the same crystalline phase but different ferroelectric domain structures. When heated above the rhombohedral-to-tetragonal transition temperature, Trt, a tetragonal phase with (110) domain walls is formed. This domain structure can be frozen by the rapid quenching through the Trt. Based on compatibility of ferroelectric polarizations at domain walls, and observed polarization microscopy results, we are able to infer the possible arrangement of domain structures in rhombohedral and tetragonal phases. The [110] polarization component associated with LVM originates from the domain structure with well-organized (110) domain walls.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
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How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".