Oviposition site selected by the western corn rootworm (<i>Diabrotica virgifera virgifera</i> Leconte) in southern Ontario strip plots
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Western corn rootworm (WCR), Diabrotica virgifera virgifera L., is the most serious insect pest of corn, Zea mays L., in North America. Crop rotation had successfully controlled this pest until the late 1980s when a new biotype that lays its eggs in non-corn crops was discovered in Illinois. This biotype has spread to parts of Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio, and threatens Ontario. By using emergence cages, Pherocon Am® sticky traps and corn root ratings, egg-laying behaviour of WCR in Ontario was assessed in strip crop settings that represent typical cropping systems of southern Ontario. WCR adults were active in both soybean and winter wheat fields in July and August. Larval feeding and adult emergence in first-year corn fields following soybean and wheat were similar, confirming that oviposition did occur in both crops. These data do not, however, provide conclusive evidence for the presence of the rotation resistant WCR in Ontario because previous studies have demonstrated that WCR are capable of utilizing other crops for oviposition. Key words: Western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera, strip plots, corn, soybean, wheat (winter)
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".