The rostral migratory stream in adult squirrel monkeys: contribution of new neurons to the olfactory tubercle and involvement of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl‐2
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The subventricular zone (SVZ) lying along the ependymal layer of lateral ventricle is known to generate neural progenitor cells throughout adulthood in specific areas of the mammalian brain. In rodents, the anterior region of the SVZ produces neuroblasts that migrate in chain toward the olfactory bulb along the so-called rostral migratory stream (RMS). In the present study, the organization of the RMS in a representative of New World primates - the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus) - was studied by using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), a thymidine analogue that incorporates itself into the DNA of cells undergoing mitotic division. Double and triple immunofluorescence labelling with a confocal microscope served to visualize cells that expressed BrdU as well as molecular markers of neurogenesis. Numerous newborn (BrdU+) cells, many ensheated in glial (GFAP+) tubes, were scattered along the entire RMS in squirrel monkeys. Some of these BrdU+ cells expressed molecular markers for early committed neurons (TuJ1), postmitotic granular neuroblasts (TUC-4) or mature neurons (MAP-2, NeuN), and virtually all of them expressed the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. A significant number of BrdU+ cells were found to deviate from the main stream of the RMS. Instead of reaching the olfactory bulb, these cells migrated ventrally into the olfactory tubercle, where they expressed a mature neuronal phenotype (MAP-2). These findings reveal that the RMS in New World monkeys is mitotically robust and markedly extended and suggest that Bcl-2 might play a role in the survival and/or differentiation of newborn neurons destined to olfactory bulb and olfactory tubercle in primates.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it