Arm restlessness in patients with restless legs syndrome
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a neurologic disorder characterized principally by leg paresthesia and motor restlessness. Several clinical reports indicated that many patients with RLS also have arm paresthesia and restlessness. In the present study, the incidence of arm restlessness was assessed by questionnaire in 230 patients diagnosed with idiopathic RLS. Arm restlessness was reported by 48.7% of the patients. Patients with and without arm restlessness were compared with regard to clinical and polysomnographic parameters. No between-group differences were found for age at onset of RLS, duration of illness, gender, presence of a family history of RLS, sleep latency, total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and periodic leg movements index during sleep. However, arm restlessness was more frequent in patients with severe RLS. Interestingly, the polysomnographic data failed to differentiate the patients with arm restlessness from those without arm restlessness, except for sleep efficiency, which tended to be lower in patients with arm restlessness. In conclusion, the results of the present study are in agreement with clinical observations that a large proportion of patients with RLS have arm restlessness.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".