Formic Acid Tolerant Ir-Based Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, carbon-supported Ir-Co, Ir-Ni, and Ir-Cr catalysts (Ir-Co/C, Ir-Ni/C, and Ir-Cr/C) were synthesized and characterized for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Compared to both Pt/C and Pd/C catalysts, these Ir alloy catalysts demonstrated much higher formic acid tolerance capabilities during the ORR process in a 0.5 M H2SO4 solution containing both oxygen and formic acid. Rotating disk electrode measurements confirmed that if formic acid was present, these Ir alloy catalysts could still catalyze a complete 4-electron transfer ORR from O2 to H 2O, while the Pt/C catalyst could only catalyze a reaction contributed by both 2- and 4-electron transfer processes, producing both H 2O2 and H2O. These results strongly suggest that Ir alloy catalysts should be promising candidates for direct formic acid fuel cell applications.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".