6 themes described patients’ information needs related to patient controlled analgesia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Chumbley GM, Hall GM, Salmon P. Patient-controlled analgesia: what information does the patient want? J Adv Nurs2002 ; 39 : 459 –71 [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] QUESTION: What information do patients want about patient controlled analgesia (PCA)? Focus groups. Findings were used to revise a patient information leaflet, which was subsequently evaluated in a randomised controlled trial (RCT). Only the findings of the focus groups are reported here. {St. George’s Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK.}* 24 patients (19–72 y, 54% women) were recruited from 8 surgical wards. All had used PCA during the previous week after major gynaecological, orthopaedic, abdominal, or renal surgery. Exclusion criteria were inability to ambulate, inability to speak or understand English, and unwellness. 7 focus groups were held. Patients were asked, “If you were going to use PCA for the first time, what would you want to know?” They were then asked to recommend changes to the content of a previously used information leaflet. Sessions were transcribed, and a thematic analysis was done. Topics were identified as themes when viewed as important by >1 focus group. The … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DJournal%2Bof%2Badvanced%2Bnursing%26rft.stitle%253DJ%2BAdv%2BNurs%26rft.aulast%253DChumbley%26rft.auinit1%253DG.%2BM.%26rft.volume%253D39%26rft.issue%253D5%26rft.spage%253D459%26rft.epage%253D471%26rft.atitle%253DPatient-controlled%2Banalgesia%253A%2Bwhat%2Binformation%2Bdoes%2Bthe%2Bpatient%2Bwant%253F%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1046%252Fj.1365-2648.2002.02311.x%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F12175355%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1046/j.1365-2648.2002.02311.x&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=12175355&link_type=MED&atom=%2Febnurs%2F6%2F3%2F93.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000177443400015&link_type=ISI
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.024 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".