Flooding Thin Low-Permeability Layers with a New Salt-Resistant, Medium-Molecular-Weight Polymer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Our interest is the enhancement of conventional oil recovery factors from thin low-permeability layers in a sandstone-shale sequence containing dozens of oil-saturated beds. Polymer flood is an option we have been using for many years in the Daqing Oilfield[1]. The physical chemistry performance, salt resistance performance, shearing resistance performance and aging stability of a new salt-resistant, medium molecular weight polymer (KY700) were evaluated by laboratory experiments. Results showed that the KY700 performs well and that its properties are particularly suited for thin, low-permeability layers, therefore field testing was undertaken. We present details of two full-scale field applications of the new polymer in two experimental areas in the Daqing Oilfield. In both cases, the injection and production profiles were significantly improved, oil production rates increased, and water production ratios decreased. The polymer appears to be a new and valuable product that can increase conventional oil recovery through polymer flooding of appropriate thin sandstone strata of moderate to low permeability.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".