Mechanism of Lactic Acid Extraction with Quaternary Ammonium Chloride (Aliquat 336)
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The extraction of lactic acid with Aliquat 336 dissolved in dodecane and decanol was investigated at various experimental conditions . To determine the concentration of extracted anions and undissociated molecules in the organic phase, the experimental results were treated by mass balance equations of lactic acid and hydrogen concentration in both phases. Thus, the ratio between the extracted anions and whole (undissociated) molecules was calculated. This ratio depends strongly on the pH and lactic acid concentration. The overall distribution coefficient rises or decreases with the pH increase in dependence on lactic acid concentration . The obtained linear dependence of the acid molecules concentration in the organic phase on their concentration in the aqueous phase is a strong argument to suppose physical extraction by Aliquat 336.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it