Fail‐safe termination elements: a common feature of the eukaryotic genome?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A recent scan of the human genome (1) identified approximately 11 million hairpins. Some have been linked to known sequences, such as viruses, transposable elements, and, more recently, regulating or microRNAs, but the significance, if any, of most sequences that can be predicted to form hairpins remains unknown. Here we show that hairpins that are cleaved by RNase III- like nucleases can induce termination, even with normally polyadenylated transcripts, and that a cleaved hairpin downstream of a normal termination signal can induce fail-safe termination. Because such cleavage sites appear common to intergenic regions, the results raise the possibility that similar fail-safe termination elements are widely distributed in the eukaryotic genome to prevent read-through transcription from disrupting downstream promoter elements or opposing transcription.-Nabavi, S., Nazar, R. N. Fail-safe termination elements: a common feature of the eukaryotic genome?
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".