<scp>l</scp>-Tyrosine on Ag(111): Universality of the Amino Acid 2D Zwitterionic Bonding Scheme?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present a combined study of the adsorption and ordering of the l-tyrosine amino acid on the close-packed Ag(111) noble-metal surface in ultrahigh vacuum by means of low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. On this substrate the biomolecules self-assemble at temperatures exceeding 320 K into linear structures primarily following specific crystallographic directions and evolve with larger molecular coverage into two-dimensional nanoribbons which are commensurate with the underlying atomic lattice. Our high resolution topographical STM data reveal noncovalent molecular dimerization within the highly ordered one-dimensional nanostructures, which recalls the geometrical pattern already seen in the l-methionine/Ag(111) system and supports a universal bonding scheme for amino acids on smooth and unreactive metal surfaces. The molecules desorb for temperatures above 350 K, indicating a relatively weak interaction between the molecules and the substrate. XPS measurements reveal a zwitterionic adsorption, whereas NEXAFS experiments show a tilted adsorption configuration of the phenol moiety. This enables the interdigitation between aromatic side chains of adjacent molecules via parallel-displaced pi-pi interactions which, together with the hydrogen-bonding capability of the hydroxyl functionality, presumably mediates the emergence of the self-assembled supramolecular nanoribbons.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".