Causes of efficiency roll-off in phosphorescent organic light emitting devices: Triplet-triplet annihilation versus triplet-polaron quenching
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Delayed electroluminescence measurements are used to probe and differentiate between triplet-triplet-annihilation (TTA) and triplet-polaron-quenching (TPQ) processes and their correlation with efficiency roll-off in fac-tris(2-phenylpyridine) iridium-based phosphorescent organic light emitting devices. Investigations on devices employing 4,4′-bis(9-carbazolyl)-1,1′-biphenyl (CBP) and 4,4′,4″-tris(N-carbazolyl) triphenylamine, two widely used host materials, show that the efficiency roll-off is primarily due to TPQ processes. Guest-guest TTA, on the other hand, is found to play no major role, contrary to speculations, especially at low guest concentrations. Evidence of host-host TTA in certain cases, and its possible contribution to exciton quenching in the case of devices with CBP host, is also reported.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it