Using helium smoke as a surrogate of fire smoke for the study of atrium smoke filling
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study developed a method of using pure helium to generate a cold buoyant plume as the surrogate of a fire smoke for the study of the smoke-filling process in an atrium. Aided by the numerical simulations, a series of experiments in a 1:26.5 scale model of the full-size atrium with the fires up to 1.6 MW from the literature were conducted to investigate the similarity between a helium smoke and a hot fire smoke. Helium concentrations, smoke layer heights, and smoke optical densities were compared well between the current experiment and the simulations. The experimental study thus verified the capability of a helium smoke test to reproduce the smoke-filling process of the corresponding hot smoke test in the atrium studied. This study also showed how to model a hot smoke test with a t-squared fire by the corresponding helium smoke test by pre-mixing helium and artificial smoke in a mixing box.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it