Genetic structure and mating system of northern<i>Arbutus menziesii</i>(Ericaceae) populations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Arbutus ( Arbutus menziesii Pursh. (Ericaceae)) is the only broadleaved evergreen tree native to Canada. It occurs in three red-listed (endangered) plant communities in British Columbia (BC), threatened by urban encroachment, fire suppression, grazing, and exotic invasive species. Its growth is sensitive to environmental changes: more severe summer drought caused by climate change could further threaten this species. Amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) were assayed in 10 populations in BC and 1 in Washington to obtain baseline population genetic and mating system data. We found that genetic diversity within populations was low (mean H = 0.094) for a woody perennial. Genetic variation among populations (FST= 0.15) was comparable to woody perennials on average (0.19). Pairwise kinship coefficients were significantly associated with distance (p < 0.01). The multilocus outcrossing rate for one BC island population was high (tm= 0.97), but inbreeding due to consanguineous matings was also quite high (tm– ts= 0.10). These data can be used to guide conservation strategies and future research priorities for arbutus.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".