Effect of nickel coating on carbon for adsorption of cadmium from aqueous solutions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Nickel was coated on carbon and it was characterized by SEM and XRD. Sorption of Cd(II) ions onto carbon and nickel‐coated carbon (Ni/C), effect of acids, pH, shaking time, loading capacity, and adsorbent weight has been investigated. Acids reduce sorption and maximum sorption takes place from deionized water and Rd values for carbon and Ni/C in deionized water are 212.9 ± 0.9 and 232.5 ± 2.5. The sorption data followed the Freundlich, Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R), isotherms and different parameters have been calculated. Sorption free energy values have been calculated and are 12.56 ± 0.19 and 14.84 ± 0.196 for carbon and Ni/C and indicate that adsorption process is chemisorption. Increase in adsorption shows the increase in catalytic activity of the adsorbent. The variation of sorption with temperature has been used to calculate the values of ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG for Cd(II) sorption. These values show that adsorption of Cd(II) ions on the adsorbents is endothermic, spontaneous, and entropy driven. Coating of carbon with nickel has improved its adsorption properties. Adsorption behaviour provides useful information for the catalytic activity of catalysts.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".