A conceptual framework for patient–professional communication: an application to the cancer context
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present a conceptual framework of one-to-one, in-person communication that occurs between a health-care professional and a patient. The framework is intended as a tool for organizing and summarizing relevant research but it can also help guide assessing the communication process and can help guide development of interventions to improve the process. The framework includes four key components, with a focus on elements that can be modified. The first component is the focus of the interaction: each participant's communication goals. The second component consists of the participants themselves, each with five key attributes that determine, in part, how they address their goals. The third component is the communication process: each person both conveys messages and receives messages, and the messages themselves can be verbal, non-verbal, or silent. The communication process is iterative and extended in time with one act having an impact on following acts. Finally, the fourth component is the environment in which the communication occurs, both the immediate physical setting and the context beyond. Important aspects of the environment, identified as external factors, affect the communication process through their impact on the participants' attributes. The framework builds on classic communication frameworks to which it adds unique elements. Some of its unique aspects include the prominent role of the participants' goals and its distinct recognition that messages are conveyed through silence. The framework serves as a common conceptualization of factors important to successful communication for the remaining review papers in this series and for future studies of practitioner-patient communication.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.028 | 0.028 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.007 | 0.008 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.026 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.018 |
| Open science | 0.005 | 0.008 |
| Research integrity | 0.007 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".