Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acid Renal Benefits and Possible Toxicity vary with Isomer, Dose and Gender in Rat Polycystic Kidney Disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory in the Han:SPRD-cy rat model of kidney disease. We used different doses of CLA and examined effects on renal histological benefit, the renal PPARgamma system and hepatic and renal levels of CLA isomers. Male and female offspring of Han:SPRD-cy heterozygotes were fed diets with 0, 1 or 2% CLA isomer mixture for 12 weeks before dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, harvest of renal and hepatic tissue for histologic and lipid analysis. Both CLA diets reduced body fat content in both genders but did not change lean body mass. CLA produced a dose dependent reduction in female renal cystic change. CLA reduced fibrosis, but this reduction was significantly less with higher dose in males. CLA reduced macrophage infiltration, tissue oxidized LDL content and proliferation of epithelial cells. Serum creatinine rose significantly in female animals fed CLA diets. CLA treatment did not change PPARgamma activation. A significant negative correlation with renal content of the 18:2 c9,t11 isomer and the sum of histologic effects was identified. CLA reduces histologic renal injury in the Han:SPRD-cy rat model probably inversely proportionate to c9,t11 renal content. Possible functional CLA toxicity at high dose in female animals warrants further exploration.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".