Computer‐assisted distraction osteogenesis by Ilizarov's method
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The Taylor spatial frame is a fixation device used to implement the Ilizarov method of bone deformity correction to gradually distract an osteotomized bone at regular intervals, according to a prescribed schedule. METHODS: We modify conventional technique by: (a) preoperatively planning a virtual three-dimensional (3D) correction; (b) basing the correction on the actual location of the frame with respect to the anatomy, immediately compensating for frame mounting errors; and (c) calculating the correction based on 3D CT data rather than measurements from radiographs. We have performed a laboratory study using plastic phantoms, and a pilot clinical study involving five patients. RESULTS: In 20 tibial phantom experiments, we achieved average correction errors of < 2 degrees total rotation and < 0.5 mm total lengthening. We observed clinically acceptable corrections with no complications in our pilot clinical study. CONCLUSIONS: Our method achieved high accuracy and precision in a laboratory setting, and produced acceptable outcomes in a pilot clinical study.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".