Contribution of Ca<sup>2+</sup>ions influx in Cu (II) or Cr (VI) induced hepatocyte cytotoxicity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Previously we showed that hepatocyte lysis induced by Cu (II) or Cr (VI) could be partly attributed to membrane lipid peroxidation induced by Cu (II) or Cr (VI) [1,2]. Changes in Na + and Ca +2 homeostasis induced when Cu +2 or Cr VI were incubated with hepatocytes. Na + omission from the media or addition of the Na + / H + exchange inhibitor 5-(N,N-dimethyl)-amiloride markedly increased Cu (II) or Cr (VI) cytotoxicity even though Cu (II) or Cr (VI) did not increase hepatocyte Na + when the media contained Na + . The omission of Cl - from the media or addition of glycine, a Cl - channel blocker also enhanced Cu (II) or Cr (VI) induced cytotoxicity. Intracellular Ca +2 levels however were markedly increased when the hepatocytes were incubated with Cu +2 or Cr VI in a Na + free media and removing media Ca +2 with EGTA also prevented Cu (II) or Cr (VI) induced hepatocyte cytotoxicity. This suggests that intracellular Ca +2 accumulation contributes to Cu (II) or Cr (VI) induced cytotoxicity and a Na + -dependent Ca +2 transporter is involved in controlling excessive Ca +2 accumulation caused by Cu (II) or Cr (VI).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".