Contribution of Ca<sup>2+</sup>ions influx in Cu (II) or Cr (VI) induced hepatocyte cytotoxicity
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Previously we showed that hepatocyte lysis induced by Cu (II) or Cr (VI) could be partly attributed to membrane lipid peroxidation induced by Cu (II) or Cr (VI) [1,2]. Changes in Na + and Ca +2 homeostasis induced when Cu +2 or Cr VI were incubated with hepatocytes. Na + omission from the media or addition of the Na + / H + exchange inhibitor 5-(N,N-dimethyl)-amiloride markedly increased Cu (II) or Cr (VI) cytotoxicity even though Cu (II) or Cr (VI) did not increase hepatocyte Na + when the media contained Na + . The omission of Cl - from the media or addition of glycine, a Cl - channel blocker also enhanced Cu (II) or Cr (VI) induced cytotoxicity. Intracellular Ca +2 levels however were markedly increased when the hepatocytes were incubated with Cu +2 or Cr VI in a Na + free media and removing media Ca +2 with EGTA also prevented Cu (II) or Cr (VI) induced hepatocyte cytotoxicity. This suggests that intracellular Ca +2 accumulation contributes to Cu (II) or Cr (VI) induced cytotoxicity and a Na + -dependent Ca +2 transporter is involved in controlling excessive Ca +2 accumulation caused by Cu (II) or Cr (VI).
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it