Variation in Acute Thermal Tolerance within and among Hatchery Strains of Brook Trout
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The ability of coldwater species and populations to respond to temperature increases associated with climate change will depend on the existing adaptive potential within and among populations. Brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis is a valued coldwater species that has been widely stocked across its native range as well as extensively introduced in western North America. We investigated the thermal tolerance of the three primary brook trout hatchery strains used in Ontario (Dickson Lake, Lake Nipigon, and Hill's Lake strains) and the thermal tolerance of a brook trout subspecies, Aurora trout S. fontinalis timagamiensis; all strains were reared in a common hatchery environment. In addition to comparing the strains’ responses to acute thermal stress, we also examined variability in temperature tolerance among families within several of these strains. Evidence for significant differences in temperature tolerance was observed both within and among the strains, with Aurora trout showing the least capacity to cope with higher temperatures. The results of this study suggest that thermal performance of brook trout populations will be under substantial selective pressure as water temperatures increase and that strains with existing tolerances for warmer conditions will be better equipped to handle these anticipated changes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".