Drag anchor flukesoil interaction in clays
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Finite element analysis has been used to investigate the interaction between anchor flukes and undrained soil at failure. The behaviour of a rectangular and a wedge-shaped anchor has been investigated when the anchors are subject to combined rotational and translational loadings similar to those experienced during anchor dragging. The results have been presented in terms of a plasticity framework to produce an associated plastic failure locus for combined loading conditions. It is seen that the wedge-shaped anchor has a different shaped failure locus and displacements at failure because of its asymmetrical shape, and this will affect drag anchor behaviour. A new design method is introduced that aims to predict drag anchor embedment trajectory and holding capacity through examination of the flukesoil interaction. The yield loci and plastic potentials produced from consideration of flukesoil interaction are used in the new design method to predict drag anchor kinematics. Results from the new analysis method are compared to empirically based methods, and it is seen that there is good agreement between results, even without further calibration from physical modelling. This suggests that the approach has promise, and with further refinement of the yield loci and better approximations to the complex anchor geometry, it may develop into a useful anchor design tool that allows for both the anchor geometry and the soil conditions explicitly.Key words: drag anchor capacity, undrained clays, numerical method.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".