Using Flexible Taste Distributions to Value Collective Reputation for Environmentally Friendly Production Methods
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, we investigate consumer preferences for various environmentally friendly production systems for carrots. We use discrete choice multi‐attribute stated preference data to explore the effect of the collective reputation of growers from an Alpine valley with an established reputation for its environmentally friendly production: Val di Gresta ‘the valley of organic orchards.’ Data analysis of the panel of discrete responses identifies unobserved taste heterogeneity for organic, biodynamic, and place of origin along with extra variance associated with experimentally designed alternatives. The assumed parametric taste distributions are each tested using the semi‐nonparametric specification proposed by Fosgerau and Bierlaire, while the null of normality cannot be rejected for organic and biodynamic production methods, though it is for the place of origin. The latter is found to be bi‐modal, with modes at each side of zero. The use of a flexible taste distribution increases the plausibility of this form of heterogeneity and it appears promising for future applied studies. Dans le présent article, nous avons examiné les préférences des consommateurs quant à divers systèmes de production écologiques de carottes. Nous avons utilisé des données sur les préférences déclarées, la valeur attendue et les choix discrets pour examiner l'effet de la réputation collective de producteurs dans une vallée alpine réputée pour sa production écologique: Val di Gresta, dite la ≪vallée des vergers biologiques≫. L'analyse des données de panel discrètes a fait ressortir une hétérogénéité inobservable des goûts quant à la culture biologique, la culture biodynamique et le lieu d'origine ainsi qu’une variance supplémentaire liée à des options expérimentalement conçues. Les distributions paramétriques hypothétiques des goûts sont testées à l'aide de la spécification semi‐non‐paramétique proposée par Fosgerau and Bierlaire (2007), tandis que l'hypothèse nulle de normalité(null of normality) ne peut être rejetée pour les méthodes de production biologique et biodynamique, bien qu’elle le soit pour le lieu d'origine. Cette dernière serait bimodale, avec des modes de chaque côté de zéro. L'utilisation d'une distribution des goûts souple augmente la plausibilité de cette forme d'hétérogénéité et semble prometteuse pour les études appliquées futures.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it