A spectrophotometric study of Fe(II)-chloride complexes in aqueous solutions from 10 to 100°C
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The absorption spectra of Fe(II)-chloride solutions were measured in both the UV (ultraviolet) and near-IR (near infrared) regions at temperatures ranging from 10 to 100°C with chloride concentrations from 0.1 to 16 mol kg -1 . The stability constants of all Fe(II)-chloride complexes were derived from the spectra using a non-negative nonlinear least-squares computer program (SQUAD). Earlier work on this system reported in the literature was rigorously reassessed. The activity coefficients of the ionic species were calculated using both the Pitzer model and the Helgeson model. The results obtained with UV and near-IR spectra and with different activity coefficient calculation models are in general agreement. Other useful thermodynamic data, including the Gibbs energies, enthalpies, and entropies for complex formation, were also obtained. It was found that the Fe(II)-chloride complexes gradually undergo a configuration transformation from octahedral to tetrahedral coordination as the temperature and (or) chloride concentration increases. This coordination change is of significant importance to the nuclear reactors, as the presence of the tetrahedral complex can increase the solubility of iron in steam generator crevices.Key words: Fe(II)-chloride complexes, stability constants, solution thermodynamics, spectrophotometry, reactor chemistry.
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Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
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