Sensitivity of apple ( <i>Malus domestica</i> ) indicator cultivars to russet ring disease, and the results of graft‐transmission trials of other fruit‐affecting disorders of apple
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract In an evaluation in New Zealand of four Canadian apple ( Malus domestica Borkh.) cultivars used as indicators for the russet ring and leaf pucker group of diseases, ‘Jubilee’ and ‘Yellow Newtown’ proved to be the most sensitive to the diseases present in New Zealand, with ‘Blaxstayman’ being almost as sensitive. A leaf chlorosis, and fruit russet and distortion condition of ‘Fuji’ apple was shown to be graft‐transmissible and probably caused by a virus. The conditions causing leaf malformation and a streaked fruit russet of ‘Braeburn’, and a bumpy russet of ‘Royal Gala’ appear to be caused by genetic mutations. Of three red‐skinned sports of ‘Braeburn’, bud‐inoculated with type B russet ring, only ‘Braestar’ produced fruit symptoms, several seasons after bud inoculation. A test of some selected apple rootstocks from commercial nurseries indicated that they were free from type B russet ring.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".