Bicarbonate‐dependent depolarizing potentials in pyramidal cells and interneurons during epileptiform activity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Experimental and theoretical evidence indicates that GABAergic neurotransmission is fundamental for the synchronization of neuronal activity. In particular, the role of GABA in epileptiform activity has received increased attention due to, among others, the fact that the GABA-mediated potentials can be depolarizing, and hence excitatory, in some circumstances. Evidence is presented here that bicarbonate efflux via GABAA receptors in interneurons and pyramidal cells of the CA1 hippocampal area contribute to depolarizing GABAA-mediated potentials in an in vitro nonpharmacological seizure-like model of status epilepticus. Seizure-like and interictal activity was evoked in rat horizontal hippocampal slices using a superfusing solution with low magnesium concentration (0.5-0.9 mm). Whole-cell recordings from stratum oriens-alveus interneurons and CA1 pyramidal cells revealed that, during epileptiform activity, some GABAA-mediated potentials were depolarizing, and were suppressed by the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor ethoxyzolamide as well as by the GABAA-receptor antagonist bicuculline. These observations indicate that the depolarizing potentials observed during epileptiform activity reflect both glutamatergic and GABAA-receptor-mediated activity, and adds further support for the important role of GABAergic interneurons in promoting long-range synchronization.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".