FAMP3 Ethnic Variation in Acute Myocardial Infarction Presentation and Access to Care
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose: Given the growing ethnic diversity in Canada, and the known burden of heart disease across ethnicities, it is essential to recognize potential ethnic variability in symptoms associated with AMI. We aimed to examine ethnic variation in symptom presentation and access to care of patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods: We undertook an audit of a random sample of 406 health records of Caucasian, Chinese, South Asian, South East Asian and First Nations patients discharged from hospitals in the Calgary Health Region (Alberta, Canada). Measured variables were compared across ethnic groups using non-parametric and parametric analyses, as appropriate, and associations with classic AMI symptom profile and timely presentation to hospital were examined. Finally, we conducted logistic regression models to examine the association between ethnicity (relative to Caucasian) and having “classic” symptoms as well as time to ED presentation in those who had “classic” symptoms after adjustment for age (<65 years), and male sex.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".