‘Dangers behind, pleasures ahead': British-Canadian identity and the evacuation of British children to Canada during the Second World War
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Between 1939 and 1940, over six thousand British child evacuees were shipped across the dangerous Atlantic seas to the safe shores of Canada. Examining three Toronto-based organisations, the University of Toronto’s Women’s War Service Committee, the St George’s Society of Toronto and Havergal College, illustrates the British–Canadian connections that inspired Canadians to open their homes to small strangers for ‘the duration’. Wartime letters from six-year-old evacuee Julie Kemp and those sent between her natural mother and foster mother reflect the constant negotiations and intricacies of this prolonged separation between child and family and country. Post-war oral interviews with former evacuees point towards the complexities of their reintegration back into British society and the lasting effects of their evacuation. The children’s wartime migration drew upon pre-war British and wartime Canadian identity. Upon the evacuees’ return home, this combined with a post-war British identity to produce an amalgamated British-Canadian identity.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.036 | 0.016 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".