Effectiveness of Intraoperative Mitomycin C in Maintaining the Patency of a Frontal Sinusotomy: A Preliminary Report of a Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Postoperative scarring in the frontal recess is the most common cause of iatrogenic frontal sinusitis. Topical mitomycin-C (MMC) is an antifibroblastic agent that has been shown to reduce clinical scarring. This is a preliminary report of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial using MMC to determine its effectiveness in reducing frontal recess stenosis after frontal sinusotomy. METHODS: All patients with chronic rhinosinusitis undergoing primary or revision bilateral image-guided endoscopic sinus surgery were enrolled. Patients requiring frontal sinus stents and those with allergic fungal sinusitis were excluded. After completion of the frontal sinusotomy, dimensions of the frontal recess were measured using curved Frazer suction diameters. A neuropattie soaked in 0.5 mg/mL of MMC was then placed into one frontal recess for 4 minutes in a randomized manner. A saline control was used for the other side. The primary surgeon was blinded to the medicated side intraoperatively and throughout the follow-up period. Measurements of the frontal recess were repeated at 1, 3, and 6 months. RESULTS: There was no difference in the degree of frontal recess stenosis between the MMC and control sides at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively for both primary and revision cases. CONCLUSION: One-time intraoperative topical MMC is not effective in reducing postoperative frontal recess stenosis in both primary and revision cases.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".