Postnatal maturation of vagal respiratory reflexes in preterm and full-term lambs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The postnatal development of ventilatory reflexes originating from bronchopulmonary receptors was assessed in preterm vs. full-term lambs. Ventilation and arterial pressure were repeatedly measured in 10 preterm (gestational age, 132 days) and 7 full-term lambs without sedation from day 1 to day 42. The Hering-Breuer inhibitory reflex (slowly adapting stretch receptors) was assessed by the increase in expiratory time during end-inspiratory occlusion. The pulmonary chemoreflex (C-fiber endings) was assessed by the initial apnea + bradycardia + systemic hypotension and the secondary tachypnea after capsaicin intravenous injection. Results show the following. 1) Premature birth did not modify the maturation of the Hering-Breuer reflex. 2) Whereas a classic pulmonary chemoreflex was observed in the very first hours of life in preterm lambs, the tachypneic component of this reflex was weaker than in full-term lambs on day 1. 3) Premature birth led to a reversed postnatal maturation of this tachypneic response (tendency to increase with postnatal age). Our findings suggest that premature birth in lambs modifies postnatal maturation of the pulmonary chemoreflex.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".