Expression of prolactin receptor (PRL-R) mRNA in the caudal gland of Hokkaido sika deer (<i>Cervus nippon yesoensis</i> Heude, 1884)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We applied the in situ hybridization technique to the Hokkaido sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) caudal glands using probes designed from the red deer (Cervus elaphus) prolactin receptor cDNA. Prolactin receptor mRNA expression was consistently detected in the secretory epithelial cells collected from fawns and lactating hinds. This suggests that the presence of developed caudal glands during late pregnancy and lactation may be caused by increased blood levels of prolactin. During late pregnancy and lacation, visual range is limited for deer in forests and grasslands because of the flourishing leaves and sprigs. Therefore, we suggest that the scent emitted from the caudal gland in a particular season coordinates with and reinforces the visual alarm effect of the rump patch and tail.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".