MétaCan
Menu
Back to cohort
Record W2087163619 · doi:10.4319/lo.2000.45.7.1639

Interannual variation in the thermal structure of clear and colored lakes

2000· article· en· W2087163619 on OpenAlex
Ed Snucins

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.
fundA Canadian funder is recorded on the work.
aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.

Bibliographic record

VenueLimnology and Oceanography · 2000
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEarth and Planetary Sciences
TopicMarine and coastal ecosystems
Canadian institutionsLaurentian UniversityMinistry of Natural Resources and Forestry
FundersMinistry of Natural Resources
KeywordsEnvironmental scienceSpring (device)Surface waterClimate changeColoredDeep waterAtmospheric sciencesHydrology (agriculture)OceanographyGeology

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

We used end‐of‐summer temperature profiles to examine the thermal structure of 86 small (<500 ha) lakes in Killarney Park, Ontario, Canada, during one cool (1997) and two extremely warm years (1998 and 1999). The main effect of the warm years, which had unusually high air temperatures during the spring, relative to the cool year was to create warmer surface waters, shallower mixing depths, and stronger metalimnetic thermal gradients in nearly all lakes. Changes in deep water temperatures differed between clear (DOC < 2 mgL 21 ) and colored (DOC < 4 mg L −1 ) lakes. During warm years, the volume of cold water (<10°C) was reduced in clear lakes. In colored lakes, deep water temperatures were more stable, and cold water volume actually increased during one warm year. We suggest that clear lakes will be more sensitive than colored lakes to the warming effects of climate change. Because clear lakes exhibit large thermal changes in response to small differences in DOC, they will also be more sensitive to changes in DOC levels associated with altered hydrological inputs, climate change, or acidification.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.033
Threshold uncertainty score0.624

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.003
GPT teacher head0.164
Teacher spread0.161 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it