Optimization of a spray drying process for flaxseed gum
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Spray drying of flaxseed gum was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). Water seed ratio (7–20), feed temperature (25–100 °C) and outlet temperature (60–110 °C) were the factors investigated with respect to yield, rheological characteristics (apparent viscosity, dynamic viscosity, storage G′ and loss G″ moduli), colour and cyanogenic glycoside contents of the spray-dried flaxseed gum. Optimization of the spray drying process was performed to achieve maximum yield and functionality (rheological properties) of flaxseed gum. Water : seed ratio and outlet temperature were the two major factors affecting the response variables of the gum. The highest yield of spray dried flaxseed gum was obtained at a water : seed ratio of approximately 18 L kg−1. Optimization for high yield led to the production of gums with low viscosities. Maximum stationary points for gum yield and minimum stationary point for rheological characteristics were observed at relatively high water : seed ratio (˜18), combined with moderate inlet feed temperature (61.7 °C) and high outlet temperature (92 °C).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".