Pd<sub>2</sub>dba<sub>3</sub>/Bippyphos: A Robust Catalyst System for the Hydroxylation of Aryl Halides with Broad Substrate Scope
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A mixture of tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (Pd 2 dba 3 ) and 5‐(di‐ tert ‐butylphosphino)‐1′,3′,5′‐triphenyl‐1′ H ‐[1,4′]bipyrazole (Bippyphos) is shown to be a robust and efficient catalyst system for the hydroxylation of structurally diverse (hetero)aryl halides under mild conditions and with broad substrate scope. Included in this reactivity survey is the successful synthesis of substituted benzofurans and related heteroatomic derivatives, which are formed via the hydroxylation of 2‐haloalkynylarenes. Notably, a significant number of the reactions reported herein proceed at room temperature, and we have demonstrated that it is possible to conduct reactions on the benchtop under air using unpurified solvents with negligible loss in reactivity versus related transformations conducted under inert atmosphere conditions. We also report herein the first crystallographically characterized (Bippyphos)Pd(II) complex, which confirms the ability of this synthetically useful ligand to adopt a bidentate binding motif in a manner similar to Buchwald’s biarylphosphine ligand class.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it