Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and the Gene for Dopamine Beta-Hydroxylase
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been shown to be highly heritable, and recent molecular genetics studies have focused on candidate genes in the dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems. One recent study reported an association of an allele of the TaqI polymorphism located in the fifth intron of the gene for dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH). The authors' goal was to replicate this finding. METHOD: The authors investigated the linkage of the alleles and haplotypes of three polymorphisms at the DBH locus in 117 nuclear families with ADHD. RESULTS: No significant evidence was found for linkage of the TaqI alleles or haplotypes in the 117 families. However, the authors observed some evidence for biased transmission of the same allele of the TaqI polymorphism, as previously reported. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the gene for DBH should be investigated further.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".