Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Approximate analytical equations are derived for the calculation of pressure drop of power‐law fluids for viscous flow through tapered dies for a wide range of wall‐slip conditions. The predicted pressure drop values are compared with two‐dimensional (2D) finite element calculations to identify contraction angles for which the analytical equations can be used. It is found that the disagreement increases with increase of the contraction angle and with increase of wall slip. At a given flow rate, the pressure drop from the analytical equations is found to decrease continuously with contraction angle, which agrees with the 2D calculations only at small contraction angles. At larger contraction angles, the 2D calculations show that pressure drop increases with contraction angle as opposed to the no‐slip case where pressure drop saturates. The existence of a minimum pressure at a specific taper angle depends on the rheological parameters of the fluid and the degree of slip (slip‐law exponent), and has scientific importance for the die designer. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".