GPI‐anchored CEA family glycoproteins CEA and CEACAM6 mediate their biological effects through enhanced integrin α5β1‐fibronectin interaction&
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and CEA family member CEACAM6 are glycophosphatidyl inositol (GPI)-anchored, intercellular adhesion molecules that are up-regulated in a wide variety of human cancers, including colon, breast, and lung. When over-expressed in a number of cellular systems, these molecules are capable of inhibiting cellular differentiation and anoikis, as well as disrupting cell polarization and tissue architecture, thus increasing tumorigenicity. The present study shows that perturbation of the major fibronectin receptor, integrin alpha5beta1, underlies some of these biological effects. Using confocal microscopy and specific antibodies, CEA and CEACAM6 were demonstrated to co-cluster with integrin alpha5beta1 on the cell surface. The presence of CEA and CEACAM6 was shown to lead to an increase in the binding of the integrin alpha5beta1 receptor to its ligand fibronectin, without changing its cell surface levels, resulting in increased adhesion of CEA/CEACAM6-expressing cells to fibronectin. More tenacious binding of free fibronectin to cells led to enhanced fibronectin matrix assembly and the formation of a polymerized fibronectin "cocoon" around the cells. Disruption of this process with specific monoclonal antibodies against either fibronectin or integrin alpha5beta1 led to the restoration of cellular differentiation and anoikis in CEA/CEACAM6 producing cells.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".