The Export Growth and Revealed Comparative Advantage of the New Zealand Kiwifruit Industry
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper investigates the growth of New Zealand’s Kiwifruit production and exports between 1981 and 2011. It analyses the industry’s history, current status, and its future prospects and challenges. It includes a statistical analysis of the development of the industry. Export volumes by market are reported for the relevant period. Revealed comparative advantage methodology is used to determine whether New Zealand has a comparative advantage in Kiwifruit. Econometric analysis is employed to identify the key determinants of Kiwifruit exports. The analysis shows that New Zealand Kiwifruit has been an export success during the last three decades. This success has been accompanied by fluctuations and challenges characteristic of many markets. The estimates of revealed comparative advantage demonstrate that New Zealand has very high degree of comparative advantage in Kiwifruit. Empirical analysis suggests that domestic and trading partners’ incomes, market size and seasonality are key determinants of Kiwifruit exports.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".