Pulsed Field Gradient NMR Study of the Effect of Charge and Hydrophobicity on Diffusion in the Supramolecular Structure of Wet Cotton
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
To investigate the effect of charge and hydrophobicity on translational diffusion in cellulose fibers, PFG NMR experiments are reported on H 2 O, methanol, pentanol, sodium methyl sulfonate and tetra-methylammonium chloride in wet cotton fibers. The results are analysed in terms of a 2-site exchange model (water/cotton) taking into account the different regions within cotton. For methanol, sodium, methyl sulfonate and tetramethylammonium chloride, free-diffusion within the cellulose nano-pores of cotton is observed, with diffusion coefficients 3.3, 7.3 and 10.8% lower than their bulk solution values, respectively. Internal exchange from the micron sized solvent pools between the growth rings of the fiber and the nano-pores within the cellulose structure takes approximately 10 ms for these 3 probes, which is much faster than exchange with the bulk solvent surrounding the fiber. Charge has little observable effect on the behaviour, except to slow the exchange of probes between the fiber and the bulk solution. For pentanol and water the micron sized solvent pools are observed as cages, indicating much slower internal exchange and is assigned to exclusion of the hydrophobic pentanol from the hydrophilic nano-pores and strong hydrogen bonding effects respectively. Accessible volumes in cotton are extracted from the data, which are in agreement with literature.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it