Goodput improvement for multipath transport control protocol in cooperative relay‐based wireless networks
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Multipath transport control protocol (MPTCP) standardised by Internet Engineering Task Force offers a promising solution to support simultaneous delivery of transport control protocol packets over multiple interfaces of multi‐radio mobile devices. Even when there is no multiple access coverage, it is still possible to enable multipath transmission by involving mobile devices in vicinity as cooperative relays. However, the available bandwidth provided by relays can be highly varying because of wireless channel fading or dynamic local traffic load. Although MPTCP can pool the available bandwidths of multiple paths, it is challenging to address the dynamics of the cooperative wireless network and ensure a stable performance. In this study, the authors extend MPTCP for the long‐term evolution network with cooperative relays by an integrated solution in three aspects, namely, subset ‘sum‐based relay selection’, ‘adaptive congestion control’ and ‘differentiated packet forwarding’. Extensive simulations in NS‐3 show that the proposed modules can achieve a stable aggregate throughput by engaging a small number of relays and significantly improve the goodput in various scenarios.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".