Ultrafast nonresonant third-order optical nonlinearity of fullerene-containing polyurethane films at telecommunication wavelengths
Bibliographic record
Abstract
High-optical-quality polyurethane films containing a high load of (60)fullerene (C60) were prepared by reaction of the hydroxy-containing C60 and triisocyanate with the goal of obtaining enhanced nonresonant third-order optical nonlinearity. Optical nonlinearity was measured using the Z-scan technique in the wavelength range 1150–1600 nm. This revealed a positive Kerr coefficient with nonresonant n2 equal to 2.0(±0.6)×10−3 cm2/GW and excellent linear-absorption and nonlinear-absorption figures of merit at 1550 nm. The technique reported herein is a new approach to obtain fullerene films with the capacity to realize a high number density of C60 moieties. These resulted in more than 2 orders of enhancement in the third-order susceptibility over recently reported C60 sol and gel, and an enlarged second-order hyperpolarizability resulting from further enhanced charge transfer processes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".