Phytoplankton food quality effects on gammarids: benthic–pelagic coupling mediated by an invasive freshwater clam
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Benthic–pelagic coupling mediated by bivalves has been shown to increase the flow of energy towards the benthos. To assess the capability of clams to process and therewith modify the quality of pelagic food sources for subsequent use by benthic invertebrates, we conducted a growth experiment in which juvenile Gammarus roeselii were raised either directly on sedimented pelagic autotrophs (algae, cyanobacteria) or on the same autotrophs biodeposited by the invasive freshwater clam Corbicula fluminea either as feces or pseudofeces. We show that growth and survival of G. roeselii are significantly improved when autotrophs are offered as biodeposition material and suggest that this clam-mediated upgrading of food quality is due to both an increased bioavailability of pelagic food particles, which are packed in mucus during clam processing, and an increased dietary provisioning with essential lipids (sterols and (or) polyunsaturated fatty acids) originating from the clams. Hence, filter-feeding bivalves provide a crucial link between the pelagic and benthic food web not only by deflecting energy fluxes, but also by processing and upgrading pelagic food (increased bioavailability, improved biochemical composition) for benthic invertebrates.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".