Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene Polymorphism and Serum Homocysteine Levels in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hepatic fat accumulation in the absence of alcohol consumption. Hyperhomocysteinemia is considered an independent risk factor for liver diseases, and the genetic polymorphisms C677T and A1298C in the MTHFR gene have been linked to hyperhomocysteinemia. The purpose of this study was to investigate serum homocysteine (Hcy) concentrations and the MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms as risk factors for the development of NAFLD. METHODS: One hundred and thirty-four Brazilian patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD and 134 healthy controls were recruited. The MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms were detected through polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism. Serum Hcy levels were determined by chemiluminescence. RESULTS: Serum Hcy levels were higher in NAFLD patients as compared to control subjects, but there were no differences between patients with steatosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. The NAFLD and control groups did not differ in genotypic and allelic frequencies of the MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms, either. Elevated plasma Hcy levels were positively correlated with age in the NAFLD subjects. CONCLUSION: The MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms are not genetic risk factors for the development of NAFLD. Higher Hcy levels exist in NAFLD subjects, but they are not associated with liver disease severity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".