Selection of B lymphocytes in the periphery is determined by the functional capacity of the B cell antigen receptor
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Within the B cell antigen receptor (BCR), the cytoplasmic tails of both Igalpha and Igbeta are required for normal B cell development and maturation. To dissect the mechanisms by which each tail contributes to development in vivo, Igbeta(-/-) mice were reconstituted with retroviruses encoding either wild-type Igbeta, an Igbeta molecule lacking a cytoplasmic tail (Igbeta(deltaC)) or one in which the cytoplasmic tail was derived from Igalpha (Igbeta(Calpha)). All constructs rescued B cell development and generated immature B cell populations in the bone marrow with similar expression levels of both Igbeta and membrane-bound IgM. In the periphery, receptor-surface density was inversely proportional to the number of Igalpha tails in the BCR. Although peripheral-surface-receptor levels differed, splenic B cells expressing either Igbeta or Igbeta(Calpha) responded similarly to stimulation through the BCR. Analysis of membrane-bound IgM and Igbeta expression revealed that peripheral-receptor expression was primarily determined by positive selection between the bone marrow and peripheral immature B cell populations. These data indicate that B cells are selected into the periphery on the basis of a common level of antigen responsiveness.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".