Role of mitochondria in the response of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to strigolactones
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The plant signals strigolactones activate seed germination of the parasitic weeds (Striga and Orobanche), growth of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and have recently been described as a new class of plant hormones that inhibit shoot branching. In AM fungi, the synthetic strigolactone analogue GR24 rapidly stimulates mitochondrial metabolism (within minutes) and biogenesis (within one hour). New gene expression, more active nuclear division and cell proliferation occur later (within days). By using pharmacological approaches to inhibit the mitochondrial ATP synthesis, various steps of the respiratory chain and the mitochondrial protein translation, we further describe the mechanisms underlying the mitochondrial response to GR24. We show with SHAM and KCN inhibition treatments that the respiratory chain of Gigaspora rosea is branched and includes an alternative oxydase. The two electron transports can be used for GR24 activation of hyphal branching but only the alternative one is used for spore germination. By using the inhibitors Oligomycin, Rotenone, Antimycine A and KCN, we show that indirect (proton pumping) and direct inhibition of ATP synthase does not completely abolish the activation of hyphal branching by GR24. However, hyphal branching was totally inhibited with the suppression of mitochondrial biogenesis, confirming the essential role played by mitochondria to amplify the strigolactone response of AM fungi.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".