Abstract A10: Stromal CAIX expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma and corresponding lymph node metastases
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Background: Hypoxia is an almost ubiquitous feature of human solid tumours. However, the direct measurement of oxygen concentration in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has been conducted almost exclusively in the metastatic lymph nodes, not the primary tumor. Hypoxia is associated with resistance to both radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy in squamous cell cancers (SCCs). However, endogenous markers of hypoxia (EMH) have not reproducibly predicted clinical outcome. However, historically, the method used to assign hypoxic status according to directly measured oxygen concentration (polarographic electrode) and EMH (typically immunohistochemistry) have fundamentally differed. Methods: Demographic data and clinical outcomes of 61 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) treated with primary surgery +/- adjuvant radiation were collected. Tissue microarray's with representative samples of patients' tumors were constructed from paraffin-embedded blocks. Automated quantitative immunohistochemistry (AQUA) was performed to measure expression and distribution of carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and the log-rank test was used to assess the impact of vimentin-defined stromal CAIX (in both primary tumor and nodal metastases) on survival. Results: High stromal CAIX expression in the primary tumor was associated with significantly worse 5-year disease-specific survival. There was a statistically significant but relatively weak correlation between stromal CAIX expression in the primary tumor and the corresponding lymph nodes (r2:0.359; p=0.013). Stromal CAIX expression in the lymph node metastases was not significantly associated with 5-year disease-specific survival. Conclusions: Previous literature presenting the prognostic impact of directly measured hypoxia, using a polarographic electrode, was based predominantly on measurements from lymph nodes, not the primary tumor. Furthermore, comparisons with EMH were based solely on percentage of tumor cells that were positively stained, not the intensity of staining. We present the results of a tumor comparment-specific, quantitative fluorescent IHC method and the survival associated with EMH in the tumor microenvironment in the primary tumor and lymph node metastases. Citation Format: Shamir Chandarana, Pinaki Bose, Alexander C. Klimowicz, Stephanie K. Petrillo, Mie Konno, Luke Rudmik, Steven C. Nakoneshny, Wayne T. Matthews, Anthony M. Magliocco, Joseph C. Dort, Nigel T. Brockton. Stromal CAIX expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma and corresponding lymph node metastases. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis; Jan 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(3 Suppl):Abstract nr A10.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".