Biodiversity-related aspects of West Nile virus and its cycle in nature
Bibliographic record
Abstract
West Nile virus is an arthropod-transmitted virus maintained in a cycle involving mosquitoes and birds. It belongs to the Family Flaviviridae, a virus family that includes many viruses capable of causing serious disease in humans. Most West Nile virus infections do not result in disease but, if disease occurs, symptoms range from fever, the most common manifestation, to encephalitis. West Nile virus has a widespread geographic distribution documented in Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia and North America. It is an emerging pathogen with an increased number of epidemics observed over the past decade in Europe and North America. West Nile virus has evolved greatly over the years to include strains with varying genetic makeup and biological characteristics. The incursion of West Nile virus into North America, likely in 1999, followed by a continent wide spread of the virus has allowed us to fully document the successful introduction of an exotic viral species into a new ecosystem providing a vivid example of infectious disease history. The ability of the different strains of West Nile to amplify on different continents is directly influenced by the diversity of mosquito and bird species present as well as by climatic conditions.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".