Electrochemical oxidation of sulfide ion in synthetic sour brines using periodic polarity reversal at Ebonex<sup>®</sup> electrodes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Magneli phase Ti 4 O 7 (Ebonex ® ) was used as both anode and cathode in the electrochemical oxidation of sulfide ion in alkaline solution in the absence and presence of chloride and naphthenate ions. Ebonex anodes gradually lost their activity through the formation of an over-oxidized surface layer, but their activity could be maintained by periodic polarity reversal. In the context of the current paradigm for the mechanistic behaviour of oxide-based anodes, Ti 4 O 7 has properties that combine those of “inactive” anodes (formation of hydroxyl radicals) and “active” anodes (formation of a higher oxide at the surface), with the exception that the higher oxide in the case of Ti 4 O 7 is TiO 2 , which is incapable of substrate oxidation. Sulfate is the major oxidation product, especially in the presence of chloride, an ubiquitous component of sour brines, via mediated electro-oxidation to hypochlorite. Unlike at boron-doped diamond anodes, at which sulfide is oxidized with near-quantitative current efficiency, significant parasitic oxidation of water to O 2 occurs at Ebonex, and oxidation of sulfide requires ~16 F mol –1 , corresponding to a 50% current efficiency.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".