Effect of Linoleate on Electrochemical Behavior of Stainless Steel in Phosphate Buffer
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Electrochemical behavior of a high-purity, austenitic, low-carbon, stainless steel (SS) surface in the presence of a sodium salt of linoleic acid (C17H31COONa), sodium linoleate (LA), was studied in a phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0) using cyclic voltammetry (CV), potentiodynamic linear polarization (LP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. Impedance spectra were interpreted in terms of an equivalent electrical circuit (EEC) based on a possible physical model with circuit elements representing the electrochemical properties of the investigated system. Adsorption of LA onto the SS surface resulted in an almost saturated coverage and high inhibition efficiency toward corrosion after a “threshold” LA concentration in the bulk solution was reached. LA acted as a mixed-type inhibitor, and its inhibitory effect was explained on the basis of a self-assembled blocking mechanism where the negatively charged carboxylate groups of molecules were bound strongly to the SS surface. This formed a dense-ordered overlayer with the linear hydrocarbon hydrophobic tails oriented toward the solution, which provided a hydrophobic core that served as a barrier to diffusion of ions and electrons. These conclusions were supported by a very low capacitance value of ≈ 2 μF/cm2 determined by EIS measurements. Adsorption of LA onto the SS surface was described with a Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The calculated free energy of adsorption suggested a very strong irreversible adsorption of LA molecules through chemisorption.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it