Moose (<i>Alces alces</i>) survival in three populations in northern Norway
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We used radio-collared individuals to examine the seasonal, annual, and regional variation in age-specific survival of moose (Alces alces) in three populations (Vega, Beiarn, and Troms) in northern Norway. In the two populations subject to a regular hunt, the annual mortality from hunting was higher, on average, than that from natural mortality for adult cows. In these study areas, the hunting mortality rate was higher for calves than for cows. For both age groups there was significant annual variation in hunting mortality, which was associated with differences in quota size among years. The survival rate of adult cows was high outside the hunting season (96%). There was seasonal variation in survival among calves, the highest significant mortality being found among neonates during summer in Vega and Troms and significantly higher mortality being found during winter in Beiarn. The natural mortality of calves differed significantly among regions during both summer and winter. The combined effects of density dependence, changes in age structure, and environmental stochasticity may explain this variation in calf-survival rate. In contrast, no significant seasonal or regional variation occurred in the survival rate of adult females.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".